Possible chiral phase transition in two-dimensional solid 3^3He

We study a spin system with two- and four-spin exchange interactions on the triangular lattice, which is a possible model for the nuclear magnetism of solid $^3$He layers. It is found that a novel spin structure with scalar chiral order appears if the four-spin interaction is dominant. Ground-state properties are studied using the spin-wave approximation. A phase transition concerning the scalar chirality occurs at a finite temperature, even though the dimensionality of the system is two and the interaction has isotropic spin symmetry. Critical properties of this transition are studied with Monte Carlo simulations in the classical limit.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex, 4 figures, to appear in Phys.Rev.Let

Magnetization plateau in a two-dimensional multiple-spin exchange model

We study a multiple-spin exchange model on a triangular lattice, which is a possible model for low-density solid 3He films. Due to strong competitions between ferromagnetic three-spin exchange and antiferromagnetic four-spin one, the ground states are highly degenerate in the classical limit. At least 2^{L/2}-fold degeneracy exists on the L*L triangular lattice except for the SO(3) symmetry. In the magnetization process, we found a plateau at m/m_{sat}=1/2, in which the ground state is "uuud state" (a collinear state with four sublattices). The 1/2-plateau appears due to the strong four-spin exchange interaction. This plateau survives against both quantum and thermal fluctuations. Under a magnetic field which realizes the "uuud" ordered state, a phase transition occurs at a finite temperature. We predict that low-density solid 3He thin films may show the 1/2-plateau in the magnetization process. Experimental observation of the plateau will verify strength of the four-spin exchange. It is also discussed that this magnetization plateau can be understood as an insulating-conducting transition in a particle picture.Comment: 10 pages, RevTeX, 12 figures, added a reference and corrected typos, to be published in Phys.Rev.B (01 APR 99

ASPECTOS ECONÔMICOS E DE PLANEJAMENTO NA CONSERVAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE

Este trabalho aborda de forma sucinta o diagnóstico da situação atual de uso dos recursos naturais, as possíveis respostas econômicas da biodiversidade e procura mostrar que através da utilização das técnicas de planejamento é possível obter-se o máximo de respostas econômicas, sociais e ecológicas pela conservação dos recursos naturais renováveis existentes nas regiões de floresta tropical

Características físicas, químicas e anatômicas da madeira de Pinus merkusii.

bitstream/CNPF-2009-09/30407/1/com_tec65.pd

Flutuação populacional do ácaro-da-ferrugem-da-videira em vinhedo comercial em Candiota, RS, com diferentes métodos de amostragem.

Nos vinhedos da Região da Campanha do Rio Grande do Sul, o ácaro-da-ferrugem-da-videira, Calepitrimerus vitis (Nalepa, 1905) (Acari: Eriophyidae), tem sido encontrado com frequência desde a safra 2004/2005 associado com sintomas de bronzeamento nas folhas. A flutuação populacional de C. vitis na cultivar ?Cabernet Sauvignon? foi estudada em vinhedo comercial localizado em Candiota, RS, durante as safras agrícolas 2007/2008 (de novembro a junho) e 2008/2009 (de outubro a maio). A amostragem foi realizada nas folhas e através de armadilhas constituídas por fitas adesivas de dupla face instaladas nos ramos de produção. O pico populacional, na primeira safra, ocorreu em março de 2008 quando foram registrados 0,34 indivíduos por cm² da face abaxial das folhas medianas e 29,48 indivíduos por armadilhas. Na segunda safra, o pico populacional foi menos intenso e ocorreu em outubro de 2008, quando foram detectados 0,11 indivíduos por cm² da face abaxial das folhas medianas e 0,43 indivíduos por armadilhas. Foi detectado que o início do deslocamento de C. vitis para os locais de hibernação ocorre no verão, a partir de fevereiro. As armadilhas adesivas foram mais eficientes para identificar a presença de C. vitis no vinhedo do que a avaliação direta nas folhas. Uma correlação positiva foi encontrada entre o número de C. vitis na face abaxial das folhas e o percentual de folhas com infestação

Evidence for a Self-Bound Liquid State and the Commensurate-Incommensurate Coexistence in 2D 3^3He on Graphite

We made heat-capacity measurements of two dimensional (2D) $^3$He adsorbed on graphite preplated with monolayer $^4$He in a wide temperature range (0.1 $\leq T \leq$ 80 mK) at densities higher than that for the 4/7 phase (= 6.8 nm$^{-2}$). In the density range of 6.8 $\leq \rho \leq$ 8.1 nm$^{-2}$, the 4/7 phase is stable against additional $^3$He atoms up to 20% and they are promoted into the third layer. We found evidence that such promoted atoms form a self-bound 2D Fermi liquid with an approximate density of 1 nm$^{-2}$ from the measured density dependence of the $\gamma$-coefficient of heat capacity. We also show evidence for the first-order transition between the commensurate 4/7 phase and the ferromagnetic incommensurate phase in the second layer in the density range of 8.1 $\leq \rho \leq$ 9.5 nm$^{-2}$.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Spin-1/2 Heisenberg-Antiferromagnet on the Kagome Lattice: High Temperature Expansion and Exact Diagonalisation Studies

For the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the Kagom\'e lattice we calculate the high temperature series for the specific heat and the structure factor. A comparison of the series with exact diagonalisation studies shows that the specific heat has further structure at lower temperature in addition to a high temperature peak at $T\approx 2/3$. At $T=0.25$ the structure factor agrees quite well with results for the ground state of a finite cluster with 36 sites. At this temperature the structure factor is less than two times its $T=\infty$ value and depends only weakly on the wavevector $\bf q$, indicating the absence of magnetic order and a correlation length of less than one lattice spacing. The uniform susceptibility has a maximum at $T\approx 1/6$ and vanishes exponentially for lower temperatures.Comment: 15 pages + 5 figures, revtex, 26.04.9

Critical variables to predict technological expansion in traditional sugarcane productive region of north-east Brazil.

Abstract: Several critical variables are used to predict the technological expansion of traditional sugarcane productive region of Brazil's northeast (NE). Variables were selected after retrospective evaluation, present diagnosis and validation by expertise of the sugarcane sector. After the selection, the variables were classified based on impact levei and predictability. The matrix for morphological analysis was carried out to indicate the technological expansion pathway. It is possible to conclude that technological expansion of sugarcane production in this traditional region could be limited or enhanced by agricultural, social environrnental and economic variables. ln this study, a total of twenty five parameters were designated to evaluate the sugarcane expansion in this region, being eight agricultural, six natural resource, six market and five social variables. Therefore, straight analysis of the scenario lead to the possibility of immediate actions in agricultura I sugarcane production, natural resource preservation and social relationships variables, on the other hand the market actions agreements are more complex and complicated to apply

Desempenho de jundiás alimentados com fontes proteicas submetidas ou não a tratamento para remoção de antinutrientes.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de jundiás alimentados com diferentes fontes proteicas de origem vegetal, submetidas ou não a tratamento químico (lavagem com solução ácida, seguida de lavagem com etanol) para a remoção de fatores antinutricionais.Organizado por: Sílvio Ricardo Maurano; AQUACIÊNCIA 2012